The earwigs (Dermaptera) are an order of insects. They belong to the winged insects (Pterygota). Approximately 1, 800 species of earwigs are known worldwide, 8 of which occur in Germany. Some examples include: tawny earwig (Labidura riparia), common earwig (Forficula auricularia), Titanolabis colossa, ringlegged earwig (Euborellia annulipes), Apterygida media, Chelidurella acanthopygia, Anechura bipunctata and Labia minor. The name "earwig" derives from the earlier use of these insects (in powdered form) in the treatment of ear diseases.
Earwigs on apple
Earwigs (Dermaptera) usually reach body lengths of 10 - 20 mm. However, there are species that are larger, such as Titanolabis colossa, which can reach up to 50 mm in length. Earwigs have elongated bodies and areblackish or brownish in colour. They have compound eyes that are well developed, andantennae with 5 - 16 segments. The mouthparts are for biting and chewing. The forewings are short and. the hind wings are large and folded up and hidden under the forewings when these insects are at rest. At the posterior end of the abdomen is a pair of pincers, used for the capture of prey and for holding females during mating.
Earwig - Dermaptera - Corsica
Earwigs prefer warm habitats. They feed on plant parts and waste, or live off small insects. They are most active at dusk or at night. During the day they hide under bark or stones.
After mating, the females keep the sperm viable. They lay approximately 20 - 90 eggs in a hollow space. The hatched larvae are guarded by the females. The larvae shed their skin several times.
Earwigs are of great benefit as pest controllers. However, they can also become pests when they eat crops. They are completely harmless to humans.
