Pulvinaria (Targioni-Tozzetti 1867), Cottony Scales ⇒ Taxonomy and Distribution of Genus

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Taxonomy of Genus Pulvinaria Targioni-Tozzetti, 1867
Cottony Scales

Class	Insecta Linnaeus, 1758 Insects, True insects	4179 190570 2444470	Families Genera Species
Subclass	Pterygota Lang, 1888 Winged insects	3816 189502 2439455	Families Genera Species
Infraclass	Neoptera van der Wulp, 1890 Modern Wing-folding insects	3399 186457 2415487	Families Genera Species
Superorder	Paraneoptera Martynov, 1923	710 28641 240164	Families Genera Species
Order	Hemiptera Linnaeus, 1758 Aphids, Bugs, Cicadas, Hemipterans, Hoppers, True bugs	564 25824 208282	Families Genera Species
Suborder	Sternorrhyncha Amyot & Serville, 1843 Aphids, Coccids, Jumping Plant Lice, Mealybugs, Psyllids	120 4120 43344	Families Genera Species
Superfamily	Coccoidea Handlirsch, 1903 Coccids, Mealy Bugs, Mealybugs, Scale Insects, Scales	61 1863 18769	Families Genera Species
Family	Coccidae Stephens, 1829 Soft scale, Soft Scale Insects, Soft scales, Wax scales	268 3147	Genera Species
Subfamily	Coccinae Fallen, 1814	5 835	Genera Species
Tribe	Pulvinariini Ashmead, 1891	1 261	Genus Species
Genus	Pulvinaria Targioni-Tozzetti, 1867 Cottony Scales	261	Species

Subnodes of Pulvinaria Targioni-Tozzetti, 1867

Subgenus	Pulvinaria (Protopulvinaria) Cockerell, 1894	4	Species
Subgenus	Pulvinaria (Pulvinella) Hempel, 1899	0	Species
Species	Pulvinaria acericola Walsh & Riley, 1868 ⇒ Pulvinaria shinjii Cottony Maple Leaf Scale, Cottony maple scale
Species	Pulvinaria aestivalis Danzig, 1967
Species	Pulvinaria aethiopica De Lotto, 1959 Soft green scale
Species	Pulvinaria africana Newstead, 1917 ⇒ Pulvinaria grabhami
Species	Pulvinaria alboinducta Fonseca, 1962
Species	Pulvinaria aligarhensis Avasthi & Shafee, 1985
Species	Pulvinaria ampelopsidis Savescu, 1983
Species	Pulvinaria amygdali Cockerell, 1896 Cottony peach scale
Species	Pulvinaria antigoni Green, 1907 ⇒ Pulvinaria grabhami
Species	Pulvinaria aonoae Tanaka & Amano, 2004
Species	Pulvinaria araliae Shinji, 1935
Species	Pulvinaria areolata Fonseca, 1969
Species	Pulvinaria argentina Leonardi, 1911 ⇒ Alichtensia argentina
Species	Pulvinaria aristolochiae Hall, 1937 ⇒ Lagosinia strachani
Species	Pulvinaria artemisiae Archangelskaya, 1931 ⇒ Rhizopulvinaria viridis	1	Subspecies
Species	Pulvinaria aurantii Cockerell, 1896 Cottony citrus scale, Orange pulvinaria
Species	Pulvinaria avasthii Yousuf & Shafee, 1988
Species	Pulvinaria azadirachtae
Species	Pulvinaria bambusicola Tang, 1991
Species	Pulvinaria batatae Cockerell, 1895
Species	Pulvinaria betulae Douglas, 1891 ⇒ Pulvinaria vitis	1	Subspecies
Species	Pulvinaria bigeloviae Cockerell, 1893 Cottony sagebrush scale	1	Subspecies
Species	Pulvinaria biplicata Targioni Tozzetti, 1868 ⇒ Pulvinariella mesembryanthemi
Species	Pulvinaria borchsenii Danzig, 1967
Species	Pulvinaria brachiungualis Savescu, 1985
Species	Pulvinaria brassiae Cockerell, 1895
Species	Pulvinaria brassicae King, 1902
Species	Pulvinaria brevicornis Newstead, 1920
Species	Pulvinaria broadwayi Newstead, 1920 ⇒ Philephedra broadwayi broadwayi	1	Subspecies
Species	Pulvinaria burkilli Green, 1908 ⇒ Megapulvinaria burkilli
Species	Pulvinaria caballeroramosae Tanaka & Kondo, 2015 Sabanero fig cottony scale
Species	Pulvinaria cacao Williams & Watson, 1990
Species	Pulvinaria callosa De Lotto, 1966
Species	Pulvinaria callosus De Lotto, 1966
Species	Pulvinaria camelicola Signoret, 1873 ⇒ Pulvinaria flocciferus Kisses
Species	Pulvinaria carieri Grandpre & Charmoy, 1899
Species	Pulvinaria carpini Signoret, 1873 ⇒ Pulvinaria vitis
Species	Pulvinaria cellulosa Green, 1909 ⇒ Pulvinaria polygonata Cottony citrus scale, Mango mealy scale
Species	Pulvinaria cestri Bouche, 1833 Chrysanthemum soft scale
Species	Pulvinaria chrysanthemi Hall, 1923 Chrysanthemum soft scale
Species	Pulvinaria citricola Kuwana, 1914 Cottony citrus scale, Soft scale
Species	Pulvinaria claviseta De Lotto, 1970
Species	Pulvinaria coccolobae Borchsenius, 1957
Species	Pulvinaria cockerelli King, 1899
Species	Pulvinaria cocolobae Ben-Dov, 1993 ⇒ Pulvinaria coccolobae
Species	Pulvinaria contexta Froggatt, 1915 ⇒ Pulvinaria flavicans flavicans
Species	Pulvinaria corni Savescu, 1985
Species	Pulvinaria costata Borchsenius, 1952
Species	Pulvinaria coulteri Cockerell, 1905 ⇒ Pulvinaria occidentalis
Species	Pulvinaria crassispina Danzig, 1967
Species	Pulvinaria crotonis De Lotto, 1954 ⇒ Pulvinarisca crotonis
Species	Pulvinaria cupaniae Cockerell, 1893 ⇒ Pulvinaria psidii
Species	Pulvinaria cussoniae Hall, 1932 ⇒ Pulvinaria psidii
Species	Pulvinaria cypriota
Species	Pulvinaria darwiniensis Froggatt, 1915 ⇒ Pulvinaria psidii
Species	Pulvinaria daveyi Froggatt, 1923 ⇒ Pulvinaria maskelli
Species	Pulvinaria decorata Borchsenius, 1957 Cottony Sydney Scale
Species	Pulvinaria delottoi Gill, 1979 Wax scale
Species	Pulvinaria dendrophthorae Cockerell, 1893
Species	Pulvinaria depressa Hempel, 1900
Species	Pulvinaria dianthi Bodenheimer, 1943 ⇒ Rhizopulvinaria dianthi
Species	Pulvinaria dicrostachys Leonardi, 1913
Species	Pulvinaria discoidalis Hall, 1923 ⇒ Acanthopulvinaria discoidalis
Species	Pulvinaria dodonaeae Maskell, 1893 Cottony Hopbush Scale
Species	Pulvinaria drimyswinteri Kondo & Gullan, 2010
Species	Pulvinaria durantae Takahashi, 1931
Species	Pulvinaria ehrhorni King, 1901 ⇒ Pulvinaria occidentalis
Species	Pulvinaria ellesmerensis Richards, 1964
Species	Pulvinaria elongata Newstead, 1917 ⇒ Pulvinaria tenuivalvata Cottony Grass Scale, Red-striped sugar-cane scale	1	Subspecies
Species	Pulvinaria enkianthi Takahashi, 1955
Species	Pulvinaria ephedrae Cockerell, 1898 ⇒ Philephedra ephedrae
Species	Pulvinaria ericae Low, 1883 ⇒ Phyllostroma myrtilli
Species	Pulvinaria ericicola McConnell, 1949 Cottony azalea scale
Species	Pulvinaria eryngii Fonseca, 1973
Species	Pulvinaria eugeniae Hempel, 1900 Jaboticaba scale
Species	Pulvinaria euonymi Shinji, 1935
Species	Pulvinaria euonymicola Savescu, 1983 ⇒ Pulvinaria savescui
Species	Pulvinaria ferrisi Ali, 1971
Species	Pulvinaria ficius Pollard & Alleyne, 1986 ⇒ Pulvinaria ficus
Species	Pulvinaria ficus Hempel, 1900
Species	Pulvinaria filamentosum De Lotto, 1959 ⇒ Pulvinarisca filamentosa
Species	Pulvinaria flava Takahashi, 1955
Species	Pulvinaria flavescens Brethes in Massini & Brethes, 1918
Species	Pulvinaria flavicans Maskell, 1889 Cottony Flavicans Scale	2	Subspecies
Species	Pulvinaria flavida Tang, 1991 ⇒ Pulvinaria flava
Species	Pulvinaria floccifera Westwood, 1870 ⇒ Pulvinaria grabhami Camellia cottony scale, Camellia pulvinaria, Cushion scale
Species	Pulvinaria flocciferus Westwood, 1870
Species	Pulvinaria floccosa Newstead, 1900
Species	Pulvinaria fraxini Signoret, 1873 Kisses
Species	Pulvinaria fujisana Kanda, 1960
Species	Pulvinaria gamazumii Kanda, 1960
Species	Pulvinaria gasteralpha Signoret, 1873 ⇒ Pulvinaria iceryi
Species	Pulvinaria gasteralphe Signoret, 1869 ⇒ Pulvinaria iceryi
Species	Pulvinaria glacialis Gertsson & Hodgson, 2005
Species	Pulvinaria globosa Fonseca, 1962
Species	Pulvinaria goethei
Species	Pulvinaria gossypii Bodenheimer, 1944
Species	Pulvinaria grabhami Cockerell, 1903 Cottony camellia scale
Species	Pulvinaria grandis Hempel, 1900
Species	Pulvinaria greeni Froggatt, 1915 ⇒ Pulvinaria dodonaeae
Species	Pulvinaria gymnosporiae Hall, 1932 ⇒ Pulvinaria psidii
Species	Pulvinaria hakonensis Tanaka and Amano, 2005
Species	Pulvinaria hazeae Kuwana, 1902
Species	Pulvinaria hemiacantha De Lotto, 1979
Species	Pulvinaria horii Kuwana, 1902 ⇒ Pulvinaria peregrina Hydrangea cottony scale, Maple cottony scale
Species	Pulvinaria hunteri King, 1901 ⇒ Pulvinaria vitis
Species	Pulvinaria hydrangeae Steinweden, 1946 Cottony Hydrangea Scale, Hydrangea Scale
Species	Pulvinaria iceryi Signoret, 1869 Cottony grass scale
Species	Pulvinaria idesiae Kuwana, 1914
Species	Pulvinaria inconspicua
Species	Pulvinaria inconspigua Tang, 1991 ⇒ Pulvinaria inconspiqua
Species	Pulvinaria inconspina Tang, 1991 ⇒ Pulvinaria inconspiqua
Species	Pulvinaria inconspiqua Danzig, 1967
Species	Pulvinaria indica Avasthi & Shafee, 1985
Species	Pulvinaria innumerabilis Rathvon, 1854 ⇒ Neopulvinaria innumerabilis innumerabilis Cottony maple scale	3	Subspecies
Species	Pulvinaria inopheron Hodgson, 1967 ⇒ Pulvinarisca inopheron
Species	Pulvinaria ixorae Green, 1909
Species	Pulvinaria jacksoni Newstead, 1908 ⇒ Pulvinarisca jacksoni
Species	Pulvinaria japonica Cockerell, 1896 ⇒ Takahashia japonica
Species	Pulvinaria juglandii Hadzibejli, 1971
Species	Pulvinaria justaserpentina Fonseca, 1973
Species	Pulvinaria kalyaniensis Talukder & Das, 2021
Species	Pulvinaria katsurae Shinji, 1935
Species	Pulvinaria kirgisica Borchsenius, 1952
Species	Pulvinaria kuwacola Kuwana, 1907 Cottony hydrangea scale, Cottony mulberry scale
Species	Pulvinaria lanatus Signoret, 1873 ⇒ Pulvinaria sericea
Species	Pulvinaria lepida Mamet, 1949 ⇒ Pulvinaria iceryi
Species	Pulvinaria linearis Targioni Tozzetti, 1884
Species	Pulvinaria lineolatae King & Cockerell, 1897
Species	Pulvinaria longisqua De Lotto, 1966
Species	Pulvinaria loralaiensis Rao, 1939
Species	Pulvinaria lutea Cockerell, 1893 ⇒ Philephedra lutea
Species	Pulvinaria maclurae Cockerell, 1894 ⇒ Pulvinaria vitis
Species	Pulvinaria malloti Takahashi, 1956 ⇒ Coccus malloti
Species	Pulvinaria mammeae Maskell, 1895 Large cottony scale
Species	Pulvinaria marginata Targioni Tozzetti, 1868 ⇒ Pulvinaria sericea
Species	Pulvinaria marmorata Cockerell, 1898	1	Subspecies
Species	Pulvinaria maskelli Olliff, 1891 Cottony Saltbush Scale	4	Subspecies
Species	Pulvinaria maxima Green, 1904 ⇒ Megapulvinaria maxima	2	Subspecies
Species	Pulvinaria merwei Joubert, 1925
Species	Pulvinaria mesembrianthemi Bytinski-Salz, 1966 ⇒ Pulvinariella mesembryanthemi
Species	Pulvinaria mesembryanthemi Ben-Dov, 1993 ⇒ Pulvinariella mesembryanthemi Ice-plant scale, Iceplant scale, Pigface scale
Species	Pulvinaria minuscula Danzig, 1967
Species	Pulvinaria minuta Brethes in Massini & Brethes, 1918 ⇒ Pulvinaria eryngii
Species	Pulvinaria mkuzei Hodgson, 1968
Species	Pulvinaria mkuzii Hodgson, 1968
Species	Pulvinaria myricariae Bazarov, 1971
Species	Pulvinaria neocellulosa Takahashi, 1940
Species	Pulvinaria nerii Kanda, 1950 ⇒ Pulvinaria polygonata
Species	Pulvinaria newmani Froggatt, 1915 ⇒ Pulvinaria maskelli
Species	Pulvinaria newsteadi Leonardi, 1898 ⇒ Protopulvinaria pyriformis
Species	Pulvinaria nichigaharae Tang, 1991 ⇒ Pulvinaria nishigaharae
Species	Pulvinaria nipponica Lindinger, 1933 ⇒ Pulvinaria citricola Cottony citrus scale
Species	Pulvinaria nishigaharae Kuwana, 1907
Species	Pulvinaria notatum Takahashi, 1955 ⇒ Pulvinaria aurantii
Species	Pulvinaria nuytsiae Maskell, 1897 ⇒ Pulvinaria maskelli
Species	Pulvinaria obscura Newstead, 1894
Species	Pulvinaria occidentalis Cockerell, 1897 Western pulvinaria	1	Subspecies
Species	Pulvinaria ochnaceae Kuwana, 1909
Species	Pulvinaria okitsuensis Kuwana, 1914
Species	Pulvinaria orientalis Nasonov, 1908 ⇒ Acanthopulvinaria orientalis
Species	Pulvinaria ornata Hempel, 1912 ⇒ Pulvinaria decorata
Species	Pulvinaria oxyacanthae Signoret, 1873 ⇒ Pulvinaria vitis
Species	Pulvinaria oyamae Kuwana, 1902
Species	Pulvinaria paradelpha Cockerell & Lidgett in Cockerell, 1899 ⇒ Pulvinaria thompsoni
Species	Pulvinaria paranaensis Hempel, 1928
Species	Pulvinaria parvula Cockerell, 1899 ⇒ Philephedra parvula
Species	Pulvinaria peninsularis Ferris, 1921
Species	Pulvinaria peregrina Borchsenius, 1953
Species	Pulvinaria persicae Newstead, 1892
Species	Pulvinaria phaiae Lull, 1899 Cottony orchid scale
Species	Pulvinaria photiniae Kuwana, 1914
Species	Pulvinaria phriformis Pollard & Alleyne, 1986 ⇒ Protopulvinaria pyriformis
Species	Pulvinaria pistaciae Ben-Dov, 1993 ⇒ Anapulvinaria pistaciae
Species	Pulvinaria plana Lindinger, 1911 ⇒ Protopulvinaria pyriformis
Species	Pulvinaria platensis Brethes in Massini & Brethes, 1918
Species	Pulvinaria plucheae Ehrhorn, 1906
Species	Pulvinaria polygonata Cockerell, 1905 Cottony Citrus Scale, Mango scale
Species	Pulvinaria populeti Borchsenius, 1953
Species	Pulvinaria populi Signoret, 1873 ⇒ Pulvinaria vitis
Species	Pulvinaria portblairensis Yousuf & Shafee, 1988
Species	Pulvinaria pruni Hunter, 1900
Species	Pulvinaria psidii Maskell, 1893 Green Shield Scale, Guava Mealy Scale, Guava pulvinaria	2	Subspecies
Species	Pulvinaria pulchella Hempel, 1899 ⇒ Pulvinella pulchella
Species	Pulvinaria pulchra Danzig, 1967
Species	Pulvinaria radicicola
Species	Pulvinaria randiae Hall, 1932
Species	Pulvinaria regalis Canard, 1968 Horse chestnut scale, Horse Chestnut Scale Insect
Species	Pulvinaria rehi
Species	Pulvinaria retamae Hall, 1923 ⇒ Rhizopulvinaria retamae
Species	Pulvinaria rhizophila Borchsenius, 1952
Species	Pulvinaria rhoicina De Lotto, 1979
Species	Pulvinaria rhois Ehrhorn, 1898 Fruit tree Pulvinaria
Species	Pulvinaria ribesiae Douglas, 1890 ⇒ Phenacoccus aceris
Species	Pulvinaria saccharia De Lotto, 1964
Species	Pulvinaria salicicola Borchsenius, 1953
Species	Pulvinaria salicis Bouche, 1851
Species	Pulvinaria salicorniae Froggatt, 1915 Cottony Salicornia Scale
Species	Pulvinaria satoi Tanaka & Amano, 2004
Species	Pulvinaria savescui Ben-Dov, 1993
Species	Pulvinaria sericea Fourcroy, 1785
Species	Pulvinaria serpentina Balachowsky, 1929 ⇒ Pulvinarisca serpentina
Species	Pulvinaria shinjii Ben-Dov, 1993 Cottony maple leaf scale
Species	Pulvinaria simplex King in Hofer, 1903
Species	Pulvinaria simulans Cockerell, 1894
Species	Pulvinaria sorghicola De Lotto, 1979 ⇒ Pulvinaria saccharia
Species	Pulvinaria subterranea Newstead, 1917 ⇒ Pulvinaria grabhami
Species	Pulvinaria syzygii Hall, 1941 ⇒ Lichtensia chilianthi
Species	Pulvinaria taiwana Takahashi, 1929
Species	Pulvinaria tapiae Mamet, 1951
Species	Pulvinaria tecta Maskell, 1894 ⇒ Pulvinaria flavicans flavicans
Species	Pulvinaria tenuivalvata Newstead, 1911 Cottony grass scale, Red stripe soft scale
Species	Pulvinaria terrestris Borchsenius, 1953
Species	Pulvinaria tessellata Green, 1896 Cinnamon woodfern
Species	Pulvinaria theae Froggatt, 1915
Species	Pulvinaria thespesiae Green, 1909 ⇒ Megapulvinaria maxima
Species	Pulvinaria thompsoni Maskell, 1896 Cottony Thompson Scale
Species	Pulvinaria thomsoni
Species	Pulvinaria tiliae King, 1901 ⇒ Pulvinaria vitis
Species	Pulvinaria tinsleyi King, 1900 ⇒ Neopulvinaria innumerabilis
Species	Pulvinaria tomentosa Green, 1896 Cinnamon woodfern
Species	Pulvinaria torreyae Takahashi, 1956
Species	Pulvinaria tremulae Signoret, 1873 Kisses
Species	Pulvinaria tromelini Mamet, 1956
Species	Pulvinaria tuberculata Bouche, 1834
Species	Pulvinaria tuberculatus Fernald, 1903 ⇒ Pulvinaria tuberculata
Species	Pulvinaria tyleri Cockerell, 1905
Species	Pulvinaria uapacae Hodgson, 1967
Species	Pulvinaria urbicola Cockerell, 1893 Capsicum mealy scale, Cottony Urbicola Scale, Soft scale
Species	Pulvinaria vangueriae Hall, 1932
Species	Pulvinaria vayssierei Castel-Branco, 1952 ⇒ Lagosinia vayssierei
Species	Pulvinaria venkatramani Varshny, 1992
Species	Pulvinaria viburni King, 1901
Species	Pulvinaria vini Hadzibejli, 1960
Species	Pulvinaria vinifera King in Hofer, 1903
Species	Pulvinaria vites Tang, 1984 ⇒ Pulvinaria vitis
Species	Pulvinaria vitis Linnaeus, 1758 Cottony Grape Scale, Cottony maple scale, Grape scale

Synonyms

Calittico (Costa, 1844)

Chloropulvinaria (Borchsenius, 1952)

Eupulvinaria (Borchsenius, 1953)

Pulvinariella (Borchsenius, 1953)

Saccharipulvinaria (Tao, Wong, & Chang, 1983)

Native, vernacular names and spellings of Pulvinaria

English

Cottony Scales

Distribution of Pulvinaria Targioni-Tozzetti, 1867

Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Bhutan, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, China, Colombia, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, Eritrea, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Niue, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Republic South Africa, Romania, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, United Kingdom, USA, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Links, sources and further information

Pulvinaria at artfakta.se
Pulvinaria at gbif.org
Pulvinaria at irmng.org
Pulvinaria at itis.gov