Epamera Druce, 1891is a synonym of Genus Iolaus Hübner, 1819This may be an outdated term
The Taxom listed here as synonyme is shown below
Class
| Insecta
Linnaeus, 1758
Insects, True insects | 4179
190570
2444470 | Families
Genera
Species |
Subclass
| Pterygota
Lang, 1888
Winged insects | 3816
189502
2439455 | Families
Genera
Species |
Infraclass
| Neoptera
van der Wulp, 1890
Modern Wing-folding insects | 3399
186457
2415487 | Families
Genera
Species |
Superorder
| Holometabola
Heider, 1889
Holometabolous Insects | 1891
142849
2048615 | Families
Genera
Species |
Order
| Lepidoptera
Linnaeus, 1758
Butterflies, Lepidopterans, Moths | 322
33641
568299 | Families
Genera
Species |
Suborder
| Glossata
Fabricius, 1775
Modern butterflies and moths | 208
32654
567261 | Families
Genera
Species |
Infraorder
| Heteroneura
Tillyard, 1918
| 197
32461
565431 | Families
Genera
Species | | Division | Ditrysia
Borner, 1925
Butterflies, Moths, Skippers | 186
32290
560864 | Families
Genera
Species |
Section
| Cossina
Herrich-Schäffer, 1856
| 74
20388
404639 | Families
Genera
Species |
Subsection
| Bombyces
Scopoli, 1763
| 66
18154
371101 | Families
Genera
Species |
Superfamily
| Papilionoidea
Latreille, 1802
Butterflies, Skippers, True butterflies | 13
3266
144998 | Families
Genera
Species | | Family | Lycaenidae
Leach, 1815
And blues, Blue butterflies, Blues, Coppers, Gossamers | 1005
38169 | Genera
Species | | Subfamily | Lycaeninae
Leach, 1815
Asian Sapphires, Coppers | 59
3607 | Genera
Species | | Genus | Epamera
Druce, 1891
| 153 | Species |
Subnodes of Epamera Druce, 1891 | Species | Epamera aemulus Trimen, 1895 ⇒ Iolaus (Epamera) aemulus
| 2 | Subspecies | | Species | Epamera aethes Clench, 1964
| | | | Species | Epamera aethria Karsch, 1893
| | | | Species | Epamera agnes Aurivillius, 1897 ⇒ Iolaus (Epamera) agnes
| | | | Species | Epamera albertia Rondani, 1843
| | | | Species | Epamera albocaerulea Riley, 1929
| | | | Species | Epamera albomaculatus
| | | | Species | Epamera alienus Trimen, 1898
| 1 | Subspecies | | Species | Epamera alticola Stempffer, 1961
| | | | Species | Epamera amanica Stempffer, 1951
| | | | Species | Epamera apatosa Talbot, 1935
| | | | Species | Epamera aphnaeoides Trimen, 1873 ⇒ Iolaus (Epamera) aphnaeoides
| 4 | Subspecies | | Species | Epamera arborifera Butler, 1900
| | | | Species | Epamera australis
| | | | Species | Epamera bakeri Riley, 1928
Baker´s Sapphire | | | | Species | Epamera banco Stempffer, 1966
| | | | Species | Epamera bansana Bethune-Baker, 1926
| 2 | Subspecies | | Species | Epamera barbara Suffert, 1904
| 1 | Subspecies | | Species | Epamera barnsi Joicey & Talbot, 1921
| 1 | Subspecies | | Species | Epamera belli Aurivillius, 1898
| | | | Species | Epamera bellina Plötz, 1880
| 4 | Subspecies | | Species | Epamera berbera Bethune-Baker, 1924 ⇒ Iolaus (Epamera) mimosae
| | | | Species | Epamera bicaudatus
| | | | Species | Epamera caerulea Riley, 1928
| | | | Species | Epamera camerunicus
| | | | Species | Epamera ceres Hewitson, 1865
| | | | Species | Epamera coelestis
| | | | Species | Epamera congdoni Kielland, 1985
| | | | Species | Epamera creta
| | | | Species | Epamera cytaeis Hewitson, 1875
| 3 | Subspecies | | Species | Epamera diametra Karsch, 1895 ⇒ Iolaus (Epamera) diametra
Natal Yellow-banded Sapphire | 2 | Subspecies | | Species | Epamera dubiosa Stempffer & Bennett, 1959 ⇒ Iolaus (Epamera) dubiosa
| | | | Species | Epamera exquisita Riley, 1928
| | | | Species | Epamera farquharsoni Bethune-Baker, 1922 ⇒ Iolaus (Epamera) farquharsoni
Farquharson´s Sapphire | | | | Species | Epamera flavilinea Riley, 1928
| | | | Species | Epamera fontainei Stempffer, 1956
Fontaine´s Sapphire | | | | Species | Epamera frater Joicey & Talbot, 1921 ⇒ Epamera kumboae
Brotherly Sapphire | 4 | Subspecies | | Species | Epamera fuscomarginata Joicey & Talbot, 1921
Blotched Sapphire | | | | Species | Epamera gazei Druce, 1912
Scintillating Sapphire | | | | Species | Epamera gemmarius Druce, 1910
Small Jewel Sapphire | | | | Species | Epamera glaucus
| | | | Species | Epamera haemus Talbot, 1935
| | | | Species | Epamera haenius
| | | | Species | Epamera hemiargus
| 1 | Subspecies | | Species | Epamera hemicyanus Sharpe, 1904
| 5 | Subspecies | | Species | Epamera iasis Hewitson, 1865
| 1 | Subspecies | | Species | Epamera iaspis Druce, 1890
| | | | Species | Epamera jacksoni Stempffer, 1950
Jackson´s Sapphire | | | | Species | Epamera jordanus Staudinger, 1897
| | | | Species | Epamera kamerunica Riley, 1928
| | | | Species | Epamera katanganus Romieux, 1934
| | | | Species | Epamera katera Talbot, 1937
| | | | Species | Epamera kelle Stempffer, 1967
| | | | Species | Epamera kumboae Bethune-Baker, 1926
Brotherly Sapphire | 1 | Subspecies | | Species | Epamera laon Hewitson, 1878
| 2 | Subspecies | | Species | Epamera laonides Aurivillius, 1897
| | | | Species | Epamera leonis Riley, 1928
| | | | Species | Epamera longicauda
| | | | Species | Epamera maesa Riley, 1928
| | | | Species | Epamera mafugae Stempffer & Bennett, 1959
| | | | Species | Epamera malaikae Bayliss, Collins & Congdon, 2016
| | | | Species | Epamera maris Riley, 1928
| | | | Species | Epamera mermis Druce, 1896 ⇒ Iolaus (Epamera) mermis
| | | | Species | Epamera mildbraedi Schultze, 1902
| | | | Species | Epamera mimosae Trimen, 1874
| 4 | Subspecies | | Species | Epamera mirabilis Karsch, 1893
Karsch´s Sapphire | | | | Species | Epamera mongiro Stempffer, 1969
| | | | Species | Epamera moyambina
| | | | Species | Epamera naisisii Riley, 1928
| | | | Species | Epamera natalica Vári, 1976
| | | | Species | Epamera neavei Druce, 1910 ⇒ Iolaus (Epamera) neavei
Neave´s Sapphire | 2 | Subspecies | | Species | Epamera nolaensis Stempffer, 1951
| 2 | Subspecies | | Species | Epamera normani Larsen, 1986
Norman´s Sapphire | 1 | Subspecies | | Species | Epamera oberthueri Riley, 1929
| | | | Species | Epamera obscura Aurivillius, 1923
| | | | Species | Epamera pamelae Dickson, 1976
| | | | Species | Epamera parva Bethune-Baker, 1926
| | | | Species | Epamera pollaus
| | | | Species | Epamera pollux Aurivillius, 1895
| 4 | Subspecies | | Species | Epamera pseudofrater Stempffer, 1962
| | | | Species | Epamera pseudopollux Stempffer, 1962
| | | | Species | Epamera rhodosense Stempffer & Bennett, 1959
| | | | Species | Epamera sapphirinus
| | | | Species | Epamera sappirus Druce, 1902
Jewel Sapphire | | | | Species | Epamera scintillans
| | | | Species | Epamera sciophilus
| | | | Species | Epamera septentrionalis Stempffer, 1948
| | | | Species | Epamera sibella Druce, 1910 ⇒ Iolaus (Epamera) sibella
| | | | Species | Epamera sidus Trimen, 1864 ⇒ Iolaus (Epamera) sidus
Red-line Sapphire, Red-line Sapphire Blue | | | | Species | Epamera silanus Smith, 1889
| 3 | Subspecies | | Species | Epamera silenus Hawker-Smith, 1928
| | | | Species | Epamera stenogrammica Riley, 1928
| | | | Species | Epamera tajoraca Walker, 1870
| 4 | Subspecies | | Species | Epamera toroensis Riley, 1929
| | | | Species | Epamera torvensis Riley, 0
| | | | Species | Epamera violacea Riley, 1928
Violaceous Sapphire | | | | Species | Epamera yalae Riley, 1928
| | | | Species | Epamera yokoana Bethune-Baker, 1926 ⇒ Epamera barnsi
| 1 | Subspecies |
Distribution of Epamera Druce, 1891 Algeria
| Angola
| Belize
| Brazil
| Burkina Faso
| Cameroon
23 Species | Canada
| Central African Republic
| Colombia
| Costa Rica
| Democratic Republic of the Congo
12 Species | Ecuador
| Equatorial Guinea
| Ethiopia
| Gabon
| Gambia
| Ghana
| Guatemala
| Guinea
| Israel
| Ivory Coast
| Jordan
| Kenya
| Liberia
| Malawi
| Mexico
| Mozambique
| Nicaragua
| Nigeria
| Palestine
| Panama
| Republic of the Congo
| Republic South Africa
| Senegal
| Sierra Leone
| Somaliland
| South Sudan
| Sudan
| Tanzania
| Togo
| Trinidad and Tobago
| Uganda
| USA
| Venezuela
| Zambia
| Zimbabwe
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Links, sources and further information
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